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"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world”
– Nelson Mandela

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Shah 5 Discussion

Shah 5 Discussion

Q Shah #5 due Monday 10/12 by 11:59pm Shah #5 due Monday 10/12 by 11:59pm Dear Class: So here is Shah #5: please read pp. 179-217 and respond to the following: 1. What does Shah mean when she writes that microbes ruled in ancient times? 2. What immune defenses did human develop? 3. What happens when we cannot defend ourselves? 4. What is the "selfish gene theory" of evolution? 5. Sex evolved because of pathogens. What does this mean? 6. How can death evolve? 7. What is the Red Queen Hypothesis? 8. Give 2 examples of how one genetic mutation helps us survive and then makes us vulnerable to other diseases. 9. What is "pathogen diversity?" And how was it used to conquer enemies. Give at least 2 examples. 10. How does body odor complicate or enhance finding a mate? 11. How do you feel about being "host-microbe ecosystems?" Write a story, poem, or explanation to a child about this? 12. How did fear dictate responses to Ebola? Describe. 13. Why did Lyme disease and dengue hemorrhagic fever provoke a "collective yawn." Describe. 14. What does Shah mean when she write that "malaria persists because has ceased to inspire fear." 15. Describe surveillance methods for new pathogens. 16, Citations please. PAM

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It is often said that microbes know the history of our ancestors as suggested by Shah in her book. Originally it was believed that all animals had an innate immune defense system in their body. With the steady development of medical science, strengthening of such immune defense system was made possible leading to the evolution of the human immune system.